Health Encyclopedia
Diaper dermatitis - Candida-associated
Definition
Candida-associated diaper dermatitis is an infection of the skin beneath an infant's diaper. It is caused by yeasts (Candida organisms).
Alternative Names
Dermatitis - diaper and Candida; Candida-associated diaper dermatitisCauses
Diaper rashes caused by infection with Candida species are very common in children. Candida is found everywhere in the environment, and takes advantage of the warm, moist area under a diaper to cause infections on the skin.
The infection may begin as a very red patch with irregular (but sharp) borders. Smaller red patches can spread out from the original border and blend in with the larger patch. The rash may spread to include the entire area covered by the diaper, including the scrotum and penis in boys, and the labia and vagina in girls.
Candidal diaper rashes can be associated with oral candidiasis, or thrush. In this case, the oral infection must also be treated.
Symptoms
- Bright red patch of rash that gets bigger (patch is made up of small papules and vesicles with pus)
- Smaller red patches (satellite lesions) that grow and blend in with the other patches
- The infant scratches when the diaper is removed
- Scrotum may become fiery red and scaly (boys)
- The infant may also have oral thrush
Exams and Tests
Candidal diaper dermatitis can be diagnosed by examination alone because the rash has a unique appearance. The KOH test can confirm a Candida diagnosis.
Treatment
Topical antifungal skin creams and ointments will clear up infections caused by yeast. Miconazole and clotrimazole are available over-the-counter.
Prescription antifungals include:
- Nystatin
- Ketoconazole
Outlook (Prognosis)
The rash usually responds well to treatment.
Possible Complications
Complications from Candida-associated diaper rash can include:
When to Contact a Medical Professional
If your baby has a diaper rash that doesn't respond to home treatment, you should have the baby examined by your health care provider.
Prevention
It can be hard to prevent Candida infections, because these organisms are in the environment. Using highly absorbent disposable diapers to keep the skin dry reduces the chance of getting an infection. Changing the diaper soon after the baby urinates or passes stool also can help prevent infection.
Reviewed By: Rachel A. Lewis, MD, FAAP, Columbia University Pediatric Faculty Practice, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
