Health Encyclopedia
Thyroid ultrasound
Definition
A thyroid ultrasound is an imaging method used to see the thyroid gland. The thyroid is a gland located in the neck that regulates metabolism. Ultrasound is a painless method that uses sound waves to create images of the inside of the body.
Alternative Names
Ultrasound - thyroid; Thyroid sonogram; Thyroid echogramHow the Test is Performed
The test is usually done in the ultrasound or radiology department. You will lie with your neck hyperextended (extended beyond its usual limit). A lubricating gel will be placed onto your neck. Next, the ultrasound technician will move a wand, called a transducer, over the area.
The transducer gives off sound waves. The sound waves go through the body and bounce off the area being studied (in this case, the thyroid gland). A computer looks at the pattern that the sound waves create when bouncing back, and creates an image.
How to Prepare for the Test
No special preparation is necessary for this test.
How the Test Will Feel
You should feel very little discomfort with this test. The gel may be cold.
Why the Test is Performed
A thyroid ultrasound is usually done when you have a growth on your thyroid gland. The exam can help tell the difference between a cyst (a sac containing fluid) and a tumor (abnormal tissue that may or may not be cancerous).
Normal Results
The thyroid is of normal size, shape, and position.
What Abnormal Results Mean
Abnormal results may be due to cysts, tumors, goiter (an enlargement of the thyroid gland), or thyroid nodules. Your doctor can use these results and the results of other tests to direct your care.
Additional conditions under which the test may be performed include the following:
- Colloid nodular goiter
- Medullary carcinoma of thyroid
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) II
- Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
- Thyroid cancer
Risks
There are no documented risks of ultrasound.
Reviewed By: Stuart Bentley-Hibbert, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
