Smear of duodenal fluid aspirate

• Alternative Names

  Duodenal aspirated fluid smear

• How the test is performed

  The specimen is obtained by esophagogastroduodenoscopy ( EGD). The doctor passes a flexible scope through the mouth and stomach to the duodenum in order to view the organs and obtain specimens. If the tube is passed without EGD, its position in the body can be confirmed by the pH (acid-base balance) of the fluid obtained, or by an x-ray.

  Fluid is suctioned up from the duodenum when the tube or the scope is in proper position. The fluid is placed on a microscope slide and stained for examination.

• How to prepare for the test

  Do not eat or drink anything, even water, for 12 hours before the test.

• How the test will feel

  You may have a gagging sensation as the tube is passed, but the procedure is usually not painful.

• Why the test is performed

  The test is done to diagnose infection of the small bowel, but it is only rarely necessary. In most cases, this test is only done when a diagnosis could not be made with a stool examination and a duodenal string test.

• Normal Values

  There should be no disease-causing organisms in the duodenum. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.

• What abnormal results mean

  The results may show the presence of giardia protozoa, the intestinal parasite strongyloides, or another infectious organism.

• What the risks are

  The risks include bleeding, perforation of (poking a hole in) the gastrointestinal tract by the scope, and infection. Certain pre-existing conditions may prohibit use of this test.

• Special considerations

  Other, less invasive, tests can often detect the presence of giardia and other infections.

• References

  Kazura JW. Nematode infections. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 378.

  Sears CL. Giardiasis. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 372.

Review Date: 11/2/2008

Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, CA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.